Prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus and its Risk Factors in Urban Field Practice Area of Chitradurga

Abstract

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is one of the non-communicable disease which has become a major global
health problem. A study done by the Indian Council of Medical research (ICMR) in 1970s reported a
prevalence of 2.3% in urban areas(1,2) which has risen to 12-19% in 2000s. Although improving control of
diabetes in India is important, the associated risks of tight control in high risk groups should also be kept in
mind.
Objectives: To study the prevalence of diabetes in urban population and to estimate the usefulness of the
Indian diabetes risk score for detecting undiagnosed diabetes.
Materials and Method: This is a community-based cross-sectional (descriptive) study carried out in the
urban field practice area of Basaveswara Medical College and hospital which covers a population of 31186
from July to October 2019. Data was collected by using a validated questionnaire by house to house visit to
find out the prevalence and the risk of diabetes mellitus in general population by using Indian diabetes risk
score.
Results: A total of 624 respondents were interviewed. Among them 298(24.35%) females and 326(26.63%)
were males. Most 422(34.48%) had no family history of diabetes mellitus and 338 (27.61%) individuals
were in the overweight category. Out of these overweight persons, 36.6% had high diabetic risk score.