Relationship between Antenatal Care and Low Birth Weight (LBW) Incidence in Indonesia: Secondary Data Analysis of IDHS 2017

Abstract

Maternal and child health is one indicator of health service performance in a country. The cause of death

of 1 month old infant in Southeast Asia, 28% comes from infection, and 20% is caused by premature birth

and Low Birth Weight (LBW) (WHO, 2016). According to WHO data, globally In 2015, 20.5 million

newborns, an estimated 14.6 per cent of all babies born globally that year, suffered from low birthweight.

According to Basic Health Research (Riskesdas) data in 2018, the incidence of low birth weight was 6.2%

from 56.6% of under-five children who have birth weight record in Indonesia. LBW is a contributor to

neonatal mortality and morbidity. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship of antenatal care

(ANC) with Low Birth Weight (LBW) in Indonesia. The study population was all women interviewed with

a history of live births and reported their infant’s weight at birth within 5 years before the survey with a total

sample of 11,323 people. The variables studied included antenatal care (ANC), maternal age, education,

parity, Fe consumption and residence. The static test used is Multiple Logistic Regression to determine the

relationship of antenatal care (ANC) with LBW incidence. Bivariate test results found that variables that

have the potential to be variables related to birth weight (p <0.05) are antenatal care (ANC) with p value:

0,000, education with p value: 0.032, and Fe consumption with p value: 0.003. Multivariate test showed a

significant relationship between antenatal care (ANC) and LBW incidence with OR 1.9 (CI 95%: 1.4-2.7),

meaning that mothers who did antenatal care (ANC) examinations less than 4 times had 1.9 times greater

risk for giving birth to an infant with Low Birth Weight (LBW) compared to mothers who did antenatal care

(ANC) examinations more than 4 times after being controlled by the variable Fe consumption.